Korede Abdullah in Lagos
A new study published in JAMA Cardiology has revealed that adults who later developed heart disease showed a decline in physical activity about 12 years before their diagnosis, highlighting the importance of early lifestyle interventions.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cardiovascular diseases are currently the leading cause of death worldwide, with about 17.9 million people dying from one each year.
“Cardiovascular disease is largely preventable through lifestyle modifications, and physical activity is one of the most powerful tools we have,” said a professor of epidemiology at Tel Aviv University, Dr. Yariv Gerber. He stressed that lifelong activity helps maintain function, prevent disability, and reduce the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic conditions.
The research, based on more than 3,000 participants from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, found that most adults experienced reductions in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) from young adulthood into middle age.
“While not every individual declined, on average, all demographic groups showed reductions in physical activity,” Gerber explained. “This highlights how difficult it is to maintain healthy behaviors over time, even among generally healthy adults.”
Researchers also observed that Black men had a more continuous decline in activity, while Black women consistently reported the lowest physical activity throughout adulthood.
“These differences are deeply concerning,” Gerber said. “The study underscores the need for early and sustained preventive interventions, especially among populations historically at higher risk.”
He added that culturally tailored strategies—such as better access to safe recreational spaces, affordable facilities, and transportation—are essential to bridge the disparity.
Experts who reviewed the findings agreed the results reinforce the role of prevention. “We are aware of the benefits of moderate-intense physical activity for cardiac and metabolic health,” said Dr. Jonathan Fialkow of Miami Cardiac & Vascular Institute, who emphasized targeting education and support to vulnerable groups.
Similarly, a MemorialCare Heart and Vascular Institute scholar, Dr. Jennifer Wong, noted, “This underscores the importance of physical activity for preventing cardiovascular disease. Prevention is key for our cardiovascular health, and understanding the timing of decline gives us a better chance to intervene early.”
