Masturbation and pornography addiction are two habits that, while often trivialised or misunderstood, can have profound negative impacts on individuals’ lives. This article looks at the ways to conquering self-anguish and complex health issues.
Sexual Arousal and Pleasure
Masturbation, according to Health Line, an online resource, is the self-stimulation of the genitals to achieve sexual arousal and pleasure, often to the point of orgasm.
It is said to be a natural and common behaviour observed in individuals of all ages and genders.
According to the resource, masturbation can be physiological and psychological. It can also have some social, cultural, and medical perspectives.
Although there are arguments about the health benefits of masturbation, with many saying it relieves stress and sexual tension and can lead to sexual self-discovery, several experts have noted that it can be pretty addictive.
A medical doctor, Fisayo Adesola, said when one masturbates, there is a release of endorphins and other neurochemicals during orgasm which can promote relaxation and better sleep.
Health Issues
The medical practitioner said if left uncontrolled, it can cause health issues.
She said, “The issue with masturbation is that it becomes addictive as quickly as it gives one orgasm. Once you know that you can achieve pleasure on your own, the excitement that is supposed to accompany sexual intercourse with a partner may be lost.
“In the long run, we would be talking of a full-blown addiction that may begin to affect the overall workings of the body, including low libido, reduced sexual health, and the like.”
She, however, added that it was a dicey matter and must be approached with caution, stating that cultivating healthy sexual behaviour should be encouraged by all.
Cultures and Religions
Attitudes towards masturbation vary widely across different cultures and religions.
In some cultures, masturbation is considered a normal part of sexual development, while in others, it may be stigmatised or viewed as morally wrong. Nigeria belongs to the latter.
A senior psychologist based in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Dr Usen Essien, said myths and misconceptions often surrounded the concept of masturbation in Nigeria.
“For example, some believe that it can cause physical or mental health issues, though these claims are generally unfounded. Social stigma can lead to feelings of guilt or shame, especially in more conservative societies.
“The major issue with masturbation is addiction. Because we are talking of a pleasure activity, humans can get addicted too fast and it can be really bad if left unhandled,” he said.
Essien noted that while masturbation itself was not harmful, excessive masturbation that interfered with daily activities, responsibilities, or social interactions could be a sign of compulsive sexual behaviour.
“In such cases, it may be beneficial to seek help from a mental health professional,” he added.
Another Nigerian psychologist working with a university in India, Dr James Leroi-Anthony, said one must understand that though masturbation is natural, it could also be addictive.
Managing Masturbation
Leroi-Anthony said a person battling masturbation addiction must first identify the situations or emotions that trigger the urge to masturbate.
He said, “For some, it might be boredom, stress, or loneliness. They must replace this with healthier alternatives.
“Engaging in alternative activities that provide similar benefits, such as exercise, hobbies, or social interactions, can help reduce the reliance on masturbation as a primary source of stress relief or pleasure.”
He, however, added that if masturbation became compulsive or caused distress, consulting a therapist or counselor who specialised in sexual health could be beneficial.
Cognitive-behavioural therapy, according to the expert, is one effective approach for addressing compulsive sexual behavior.
Porn Addiction
Porn addiction, also known as pornography addiction, is a behavioural addiction characterised by compulsive consumption of pornographic material.
Porn addiction is a serious and complex issue that can have profound impacts on mental health, relationships, and overall well-being.
Despite its recognition as a significant issue, porn addiction is not officially classified as a distinct disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, but it shares many features with other behavioural addictions.
Essien said porn addiction involved a compulsive need to view pornography, often at the expense of daily responsibilities and relationships.
Individuals may spend excessive amounts of time seeking, viewing, and thinking about pornographic content.
According to the psychologist, a key characteristic of addiction is the inability to control or reduce consumption despite negative consequences.
“This loss of control is evident when individuals repeatedly attempt to stop or cut down on their porn use but fail to do so. Over time, individuals addicted to pornography may need to consume increasing amounts or more extreme content to achieve the same level of arousal or satisfaction; this escalation mirrors the tolerance seen in substance addictions.
“Porn addiction often leads to a preoccupation with pornography, where individuals constantly think about porn, even when they are not actively consuming it. This preoccupation can interfere with work, school, and personal relationships,” he added.
On what causes this addiction, another psychologist who works as a therapist with a mental health facility in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Mrs Grace Okaka, said it could be psychological, biological, social, or environmental.
She said, “Many individuals turn to pornography as a way to cope with negative emotions such as stress, anxiety, depression, or loneliness. Pornography provides a temporary escape or relief.
“People with low self-esteem or poor body image may use pornography to feel better about themselves or their sexual abilities.”
For biological factors, she said, “Pornography consumption triggers the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reward. Over time, the brain may start to rely on this dopamine release, reinforcing the addictive behaviour.”
Explaining the social and environmental factors, Okaka said, “The easy and private access to pornography via the internet makes it readily available and difficult to avoid.”
A guidance counselor and women and child rights advocate, Mercy Chepaka, said societal attitudes toward sex and pornography could influence an individual’s likelihood of developing an addiction. In cultures where pornography is stigmatised, individuals may feel shame, which can exacerbate the addiction.
She identified increased consumption, relationship issues, neglecting responsibility, and mood changes as some of the signs that show one may have a porn addiction.
“An individual may start spending more time viewing pornography, often at the expense of other activities. Porn addiction can lead to neglect of work, school, or family responsibilities.
“Individuals may miss deadlines, perform poorly at work or school, or become detached from family life. Pornography addiction can cause significant strain in relationships. Partners may feel neglected, betrayed, or inadequate, leading to conflicts, emotional distance, or even breakups and divorces,” Chepaka said.
She added that individuals might experience irritability, or depression, particularly when they were unable to access pornography. These mood changes, according to her, are often tied to withdrawal symptoms.
She also noted that excessive use of pornography could lead to physical issues such as sleep disturbances, fatigue, and in some cases, sexual dysfunction like erectile dysfunction.
Impact On Life
Essien explained that porn addiction, which is associated with a range of mental health issues, including increased anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem, could have an impact on the general well-being of a person.
He said, “The cycle of addiction and the accompanying shame and guilt can exacerbate these conditions.”
But a medical practitioner and sexual health advocate, Mrs Tamuno Epelle-Allison, said some men might develop what she termed ‘porn-induced erectile dysfunction’.
According to her, such men may find it difficult to achieve or maintain an erection without pornography.
“Individuals may experience a reduced interest in actual sexual activity with partners due to the unrealistic expectations set by pornography. The compulsive nature of porn addiction can lead to social withdrawal. Individuals may isolate themselves to engage in their addiction, leading to a reduction in social interactions and a sense of loneliness.
“Spending excessive time on pornography can lead to reduced productivity at work, job loss, or academic failure. Additionally, individuals may spend significant amounts of money on pornographic content or related services,” she said.
Treatment and Recovery
Anyone addicted to either masturbation or pornography needs professional help.
Identifying therapy as one of the options, Essien said, “Cognitive-behavioural therapy (or CBT) is particularly effective in treating porn addiction. CBT helps individuals identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviours.
“Sex addiction counselors can provide specialised support for those struggling with porn addiction.
“Joining support groups such as Sex Addicts Anonymous or NoFap can provide a community of individuals with similar experiences. Sharing strategies and successes can be highly motivating.”
Lifestyle changes
Similarly, identifying triggers is one way to start if one wants to change porn addiction and masturbation, Chepaka said.
“This might include avoiding certain websites, changing routines, or limiting internet use. Engaging in new hobbies, physical activities, and social interactions can provide healthy outlets for emotions and reduce the reliance on pornography.
“Reducing or eliminating internet use for non-essential activities can help break the cycle of addiction. Tools such as website blockers can prevent access to pornographic content.
“Practicing mindfulness meditation, stress reduction techniques, and relaxation exercises can help manage the urges and emotional triggers associated with porn addiction,” she said.
Focus on Physical Health
Leroi-Anthony also pointed out that regular physical activity boosts endorphins, improves mood, and reduces stress, all of which can help combat addiction.
“Maintaining a balanced diet and ensuring adequate sleep can improve overall well-being and resilience against addictive behaviours. Educating yourself about the dangers of pornography and masturbation addiction and understanding the underlying mechanisms can reinforce your commitment to change.
“Focus on building and maintaining healthy, supportive relationships. This can provide emotional support and reduce feelings of isolation. Engage in social activities and meet new people with similar values and goals. Building new friendships can provide a broader support network,” he said.
Essien added that masturbation and pornography addiction were serious issues that could have significant negative impacts on mental health, relationships, and overall well-being.
He said understanding the dangers of the addictions, supported by health and psychological research, highlighted the importance of addressing and overcoming them.
He added, “By acknowledging the problem, seeking professional help, implementing behavioural changes, creating a supportive environment, practicing mindfulness and stress management, focusing on physical health, educating oneself, and building healthy relationships, individuals can break free from these addictions and reclaim their lives.
Overcoming Addiction
“The journey to overcoming addiction is not easy, but with determination, support, and practical strategies, it is entirely possible. Remember, you are not alone, and help is available. Take the first step today towards a healthier, more fulfilling life.”(Healthline, with additional reports)
